Device for deflecting, opening, and crushing fuel or material in a retort above a. gas producer



T.,R. WOLLASTON DEVICE FOR DEFLEGTING, OPENING,AND CRUSHING FUEL ORMATERIAL IN A RETORT ABOVE A GAS PRODUCER Filed Oct. 22 1923 2Sheets-Shut- 1 Apr1l14, 1925. 1,533,718

T. R. WOLLASTON DEVICE FOR DEFLECTING, OPENING, AND CRUSHI'NG FUEL ORMATERIAL IN A RETORT ABOVE A GAS PRODUCER Filed Oct. 22 1923 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Potenied dig-or. lid, W25

DE'V'KIE 50B DEFLLMTWG, UIIENING, AHDCRUSHING- FUEL JR MATERIAL 1N hBETUIBT ABOVE A. Gin-M PBQIDUCEE.

omicsion flied octohen To aZZ whom it may cmwcm:

Be it known that I, Tnozaas I Romano WoLLAs'roN, a subject of ihe Kingof Greet Britain; residing at Manchester, in the county of Lancaster,Engiand, have invented certain'new end useful Improvements in a- Devicefor Defiecting Opening, end finishing Fuel or Material in o Retori Aboven Gas Producer, of which the following is a specification 'The inventionis ior s. defieciing opening and crushing device within a retort shove aproducer, of that type in which the gases from the producer pass throughsaid retort i0 ontiet, and primary or semidistiiietion of. coal or shaletakes place in such retort prior to gesificstion in the producer.

The ohjeci', of the invention is to provide means for deflecting anddisturbing the materiel moved or being moved ihrough the retort, and fordetermining the dimensions of the component parts of the material bysuitably situated crushing member- 'Ihe means adopted form animprovement upon those already arranged according prior inventions ofmine and described 111 the specification of British Patent No" 207,700of November 30th 1922, and in the specification of United States PatentNo. 1,327,8'93, of January 19th 1918, and she main resnii desired is tofaciiitet e the pucking up from the new coal or material of the voiatiieconstituents during" coking, 1neluding ammonia, by the ouigoing gas, bybringing said outgoing hoi; gas in intimate contact with the material inthe retort referred to. hat is to say, e resulting efiect is attainedsimilar n that described in the specificeiions of my aforesaid potentwhere in certain coking and gas-distributing op erations are controlledfor the purpose therein sisaiedi According to my present invention,provide the retort mounted shove a gas pro ducer with :1 series ofstages or floors; at different ieveis for supporting the meteriai movedihrongh said retort, which stages are fixed in position and alternatelyprovided with central and peripherei outlets; end edjaccnt to ihesestages I provide inde endemic movable maieriel-disturbing mom ere orpionghs for opening and, here necessary, deflecting seid meteriai. Theseare EOE/1 ranged that on alternate stooges they iced the materialoutwardly toweros she peripin WM. seem Ho, emcee.

erni; outlets named and st the remaining stages containing the centredoutlets they operate in conjunction with serrated or soiiw able crushingmembers for breaking the coke as it tends to cake together. Thesecrushing members are movably operated for the pun pose of reducing thesize of the larger pieces of material passing stoned Win 1 reference tothe accompanying drawings iiinstreeing one form of the in .vention, Fig"i isaa sectionai eieveticn of o 'reiori and the upper portion of aproducer on which it is mounted the former provided with means accordingto my present invension. Fig, 2 is a transverse section through line A Bof Fig. 1 and Fi 3 21 similar section to Fig, 2 through fine C D of saidFig.1.,

a is the producer, and s the sheliof the retort mounted shove and inconnection with the some. The iatizer is internally divided inio siegesby means of fixed divisions or floors, c, d. In form iiiustreted, the retori, is provided with a central revoinble shaft 6 here driven by "Wormand wheel gear ing 7". and g, the iormer being under con" iroi andoperated icy means in connection with suitable driving power, whetherinterroi'taieniiy, coni enters from a fuel hopper through a feed valve hand ialis on to the upper stage or flooring a forming the first of eseries.

ihrough the rotors es inuoiiy or variably. The fuei I prefer to providethe verions iiooring's alternately horizontal as set a and inclined esoi; d A deflecting member or plough device i is indicated above thelevel of each horizontal floor, and projecting from and attached to therevoiubie shaft; .2, which member or plough in each case by itsconsequent movement tends to force the rose teriai supplied towards theouter part of the floor area considered and to disturb or open no thesome for which deflectin purpose the member is suitably shapes. In thepresent instance it is formed. with as surface which is tangential to aemail circle about the axis of the shaft e out the shops may be variedfor the purpose stniedi fipcrkui'es I: are provided at or near the outeredge pores-z ihe fioorine s 0, end central apertures m are provided ionthe fioorings d. or about the centre cosh of the lest named apertures isprovided o.

crushing member, here in the iorm of a taper worm n and here attached tothe shaft e. Further lough devices are also shown attached to t e shaft6, operating to prevent settling of material on the flooring and whichmay be suitably. shaped I such as similarlyto the members i in. plan.

Any or all of the floors or stages may be perforated or formed withsmaller apertures to those already named, such as holes in the floors dand around the apertures m, or elsewhere. The gas outlet from retortb-is indicated at 1* in Fig. 1.

"By the means described, it will be seen that fuel or material from thehopper falling through a feed valve it into and out through an aperturetherein at 8 reaches the first stage 0 and is moved around and outwardlyas well as ploughed up by member i at the various stages, as it movesand falls,

or it is subjected to an opening and mixing process by reason of beingincontact with two relatively moving parts, namely a fixed flooring anda moving plough or stirring device. On falling through the lowermostaperture into the producer a it is in a suitably pre-carbonized andgraded condition for further treatment therein. Gases from the producerare, during the operations. referred to, able to pass through thevarious apertures in the retort Z) and intermingle with the opened outmaterial, and finally escape through outlet r, perforations such as att, in the floorings where employed, facilitating the passage of thegases referred to. The gas from the producer is deflected by thealternate arrangement of apertures at the various stages, as it passesupwards therethrough.

I claim 1. In a continuously carboniz'in retort mounted in gascommunication wit a gas producer, and provided with fixed floors orstages alternate .peripheral and central apertures therein and movableploughs adjacent to said stages, movable materialcrushing members atsuch central apertures and gearing and connections operatin said ploughsand crushing members, su stantially as herein set forth.

2. In a continuously 'carbonizing retort mounted above and in gascommunication with a gas producer and provided with fixed floors orstages, alternate peripheral and central apertures therein and movableploughs adjacent to said stages, movable material-crushing membersattached to a central revoluble shaft and at or about the centralapertures referred to, worm and wheel gearing in connection with andoperated for revolving said shaft; for the purpose and in manner subherein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

THOMAS ROLAND WOLLASTON.

stantially as

